The Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976 provides EPA with authority to require reporting, record-keeping and testing requirements, and restrictions relating to chemical substances and/or… Read More »Toxic Substances Control Act (1976)
The Clean Water Act (CWA) establishes the basic structure for regulating discharges of pollutants into the waters of the United States and regulating quality standards… Read More »Clean Water Act (1972)
Federal law that regulates air emissions from stationary and mobile sources. Among other things, this law authorizes EPA to establish National Ambient Air Quality Standards… Read More »Clean Air Act (1970)
The States of Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Minnesota, and Wisconsin (plaintiffs) sought a preliminary injunction requiring the United States Army Corps of Engineers (defendant) and the… Read More »State of Michigan v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and City of Chicago
The Ambler Realty Company owned 68 acres of land in the village of Euclid, Ohio, a suburb of Cleveland. On November 13, 1922, the village… Read More »Village of Euclid et al. v. Amber Realty Company
Noxious gas emitted from several of the State of Tennessee’s Copper Company (defendant) smelting plants near the border of Tennessee and Georgia (plaintiff) caused harm… Read More »Georgia v. Tennessee Copper Company
Madison and several other residents (plaintiffs) filed suit against Ducktown Sulphur and Copper & Iron Company (defendants), claiming the two companies’ copper mining operations caused… Read More »Madison v. Ducktown Sulphur Companies
A measure of the impact our activities have on the environment, especially climate change, often reported as the units of tonnes (or kg) of carbon… Read More »Carbon footprint
The movement of carbon around the biosphere. — Source: Environmental Science for the AP® Course 3rd Edition (3rd Edition) by Andrew Friedland, Rick Relyea
A measure of the amount of carbon dioxide you produce through your lifestyle every day, for example through driving or using electrical appliances and lighting.… Read More »Carbon count
A compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. — Source: Environmental Science for the AP® Course 3rd Edition (3rd Edition) by Andrew Friedland, Rick… Read More »Carbohydrate
A property of water that occurs when adhesion of water molecules to a surface is stronger than cohesion between the molecules. — Source: Environmental Science… Read More »Capillary action
An approach to controlling CO2 emissions, where a cap places an upper limit on the amount of pollutant that can be emitted and trade allows… Read More »Cap-and-trade
The unintentional catch of nontarget species while fishing. — Source: Environmental Science for the AP® Course 3rd Edition (3rd Edition) by Andrew Friedland, Rick Relyea
Contaminated industrial or commercial sites that may require environmental cleanup before they can be redeveloped or expanded. — Source: Environmental Science for the AP® Course… Read More »Brownfields
A pesticide that kills many different types of pest. — Source: Environmental Science for the AP® Course 3rd Edition (3rd Edition) by Andrew Friedland, Rick… Read More »Broad-spectrum pesticide
A reduction in the genetic diversity of a population caused by a reduction in its size. — Source: Environmental Science for the AP® Course 3rd… Read More »Bottleneck effect
A forest biome made up primarily of coniferous evergreen trees that can tolerate cold winters and short growing seasons. — Source: Environmental Science for the… Read More »Boreal forest
A degraded petroleum that forms when petroleum migrates to the surface of Earth and is modified by bacteria. — Source: Environmental Science for the AP®… Read More »Bitumen
A type of flu caused by the H5N1 virus. — Source: Environmental Science for the AP® Course 3rd Edition (3rd Edition) by Andrew Friedland, Rick… Read More »Bird flu